@INPROCEEDINGS{Rich1011:HapTouch,
AUTHOR="Hendrik Richter and Ronald Ecker and Christopher Deisler and Andreas M Butz",
TITLE="{HapTouch} and the {2+1} State Model: Potentials of Haptic Feedback on
Touch Based {In-Vehicle} Information Systems",
BOOKTITLE="Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
(AutomotiveUI 2010)",
ADDRESS="Pittsburg, USA, USA",
DAYS=11,
MONTH=11,
YEAR=2010,
KEYWORDS="Haptics; Tactile Feedback; Exploration; In-Vehicle Information System;
Multitasking; Touchscreen",
ABSTRACT="Haptic feedback on touch-sensitive displays provides significant benefits
in terms of reducing error rates, increasing interaction speed and
minimizing visual distraction. This particularly holds true for
multitasking situations such as the interaction with mobile devices or
touch-based in-vehicle systems. In this paper, we explore how the
interaction with tactile touchscreens can be modeled and enriched using a
2+1 state transition model. The model expands an approach presented by
Buxton. We present HapTouch - a force-sensitive touchscreen device with
haptic feedback that allows the user to explore and manipulate interactive
elements using the sense of touch. We describe the results of a first
quantitative study to investigate the effects of tactile feedback on the
driver's visual attention, driving performance and operating error rate. In
particular, we focus on how active tactile feedback allows the accurate
interaction with small on-screen elements during driving. Our results show
significantly reduced error rates and input time when haptic feedback is
given."
}