@article{steuerlein2022conductive,
	title = {Conductive Fiducial Tangibles for Everyone: A Data Simulation-Based Toolkit using Deep Learning},
	author = {Benedict Steuerlein and Sven Mayer},
	year = {2022},
	journal = {Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.},
	publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	number = {MobileHCI},
	doi = {10.1145/3546718},
	url = {https://sven-mayer.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/steuerlein2022conductive.pdf},
	date = {2022-09-28},
	issue = {6},
	abstract = {While tangibles enrich the interaction with touchscreens, with projected capacitive screens being mainstream, the recognition possibilities of tangibles are nearly lost. Deep learning approaches to improve the recognition of conductive triangles require collecting huge amounts of data and domain-specific knowledge for hyperparameter tuning. To overcome this drawback, we present a toolkit that allows everyone to train a deep learning tangible recognizer based on simulated data. Our toolkit uses a pre-trained Generative Adversarial Network to simulate the imprint of fiducial tangibles, which we then use to train a deployable recognizer based on our pre-defined neuronal network architecture. Our evaluation shows that our approach can recognize fiducial tangibles such as AprilTags with an average accuracy of 99.3% and an average rotation error of only 4.9°. Thus, our toolkit is a plug-and-play solution requiring no domain knowledge and no data collection but allows designers to use deep learning approaches in their design process.},
	keywords = {capacitive sensing}
}