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Yanfei Hu Fleischhauer, Hemant Bhaskar Surale, Florian Alt, Ken Pfeuffer
Gaze-Based Mode-Switching to Enhance Interaction with Menus on Tablets
In ETRA '23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research \& Applications. May 30, 2023. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. (bib)

In design work, a common task is the interaction with menus to change the drawing mode. Done frequently, this can become a tedious and fatiguing task, especially for tablets where users physically employ a stylus or finger touch. As our eyes are naturally involved in visual search and acquisition of desired menu items, we propose gaze to shortcut the physical movement. We investigate gaze-based mode-switching for menus in tablets by a novel mode-switching methodology, assessing a gaze-only (dwell-time) and multimodal (gaze and tap) technique, compared to hand-based interaction. The results suggest that users can efficiently alternate between manual and eye input when interacting with the menu; both gaze-based techniques have lower physical demand and individual speed-error trade-offs. This led to a novel technique that substantially reduces time by unifying mode-selection and mode-application. Our work points to new roles for our eyes to efficiently short-cut menu actions during the workflow.