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Ville Mäkelä, Radiah Rivu, Saleh Alsherif, Mohamed Khamis, Chong Xiao, Lisa Borchert, Albrecht Schmidt, Florian Alt
Virtual Field Studies: Conducting Studies on Public Displays in Virtual Reality
Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. May 03, 2020. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. (bib)

For the past 20 years, researchers have investigated the useof eye tracking in security applications. We present a holisticview on gaze-based security applications. In particular, we canvassedthe literature and classify the utility of gaze in securityapplications into a) authentication, b) privacy protection, andc) gaze monitoring during security critical tasks. This allowsus to chart several research directions, most importantly 1)conducting field studies of implicit and explicit gaze-basedauthentication due to recent advances in eye tracking, 2) researchon gaze-based privacy protection and gaze monitoringin security critical tasks which are under-investigated yet verypromising areas, and 3) understanding the privacy implicationsof pervasive eye tracking.We discuss the most promisingopportunities and most pressing challenges of eye trackingfor security that will shape research in gaze-based securityapplications for the next decade.