Publikations-Information
Hendrik Richter
Potentiale haptischer Rückmeldungen bei berührungsempfindlichen Bildschirmen im Fahrzeug Diploma Thesis, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2009 (bib) |
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The amount of functionality and information available in modern automobiles is constantly growing. Currently used multi-functional central-mounted controllers for using in-vehicle information systems provide access to communication-, information- and entertainment-services. Effects of visual and cognitive distraction during the operation of in-vehicle systems have to be minimized to ensure roadworthiness and safety. Touch-based input-modalities are advantageous in the flexible use of screen space and size of the device. Earlier research has shown the benefits of touchscreens as a HCI-interface in all metrics: perfor- mance, usability and user experience. The main drawback for touch-based in-vehicle systems is the drivers constantly required visual attention. Visual workload causes significant less eyes-on-the-road time and re- duces driving performance. Previous studies have investigated the high potentials of haptically augmented touchscreen GUIs. Tactile feedback may reduce the amount of required visual attention by conveying haptic information about location, function and state of user-interface components. This work proposes a 2+1 state model that helps to characterize graphical interaction-techniques. The work reported here is a refinement of a model first introduced byWilliam Buxton (1990). The four-state 2+1 model conceptualizes basic properties of input devices and interaction-techniques. The 2+1 state model also defines sections of interaction-techniques that can be augmented with actively generated tactile feedback. The analysis and development of well-known and innovative interaction-forms is made possible. Part of this work is also the technical implementation of the developed concept using a special vibrotactile touchscreen prototype for automotive environments. The development of a flexible tactile pattern generator is shown. The concrete implementation of the proposed 2+1 state model yields the system HapTouch. A pretest of the implemented system is conducted to estimate the potentials of tactile touchscreens in automobiles regarding error-rates, driving-performance and users subjective preferences. |